Investigation of the Antioxidant Defensive Role of Both AD-MSCs and BM-MSCs in Modulating the Alteration in the Oxidative Stress Status in Various STZ-diabetic Rats’ Tissues

Diabetes mellitus (DM) could negatively affect patients’ health via inducing a lot of serious functional hazards in many tissues’ cells at molecular levels. Recently, many scientists had proposed stem cell therapy being an appropriate alternative treatment protocol for numerous health threatening issues including diabetes. Therefore, the current study was designed to investigate the antioxidant potentiality of two MSCs types in alleviating tissues’ oxidative stress dramatic elevation resulting as a consequence of Type 1 DM induction. In our 4 weeks study, animals were divided into four groups: control group, STZ-diabetic group (D), D+AD-MSCs group and D+BM-MSCs group. Data reported that diabetic rats treated with either AD-MSCs or BM-MSCs exhibited a marvelous body tissues (Pancreas, Liver and Kidney) enhancing capabilities in attenuating the oxidative stress status; as evidenced by XO, ROS, and MDA levels down-regulation; with a general concomitant elevation in the antioxidants’ content; evidenced by many enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants up-regulation; relative to the diabetic untreated group. Interestingly, comparing both treatments with each other and to control group, most of the measured parameters were reverted back to near normal levels after AD-MSCs injection; which clearly point out their stunning health benefits and superiority as anti-diabetic agent in overcoming different tissues’ complications; owing to their marked cytoprotective and regenerative potentialities. Abbreviations AD-MSCs: adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells AGEs: advanced glycation end products BM-MSCs: bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells CAT: catalase CD: cluster of differentiation D: diabetic DM: diabetes mellitus DMEM: dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium FBG: fasting blood glucose FBS: fetal bovine serum GPx: glutathione peroxidase GRd: glutathione reductase GSH: glutathione GST: glutathione-S-transferase H2O2: hydrogen peroxide HO-1: heme-oxygenase 1 iNOS: inducible nitric oxide synthase IPCs: insulin producing cells ISCT: international Society for Cellular Therapy LPO: lipid peroxidation MDA: malondialdehyde MSCs: mesenchymal stem cells NO: nitric oxide PBS: phosphate-buffered saline *Address correspondence to: Shady G. El-Sawah, dr.shadygamal83@gmail.com Received: 04 April 2021; Accepted: 14 May 2021 BIOCELL ech T Press Science 2021 45(6): 1561-1568 Doi: 10.32604/biocell.2021.016869 www.techscience.com/journal/biocell This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. PUFA: poly-unsaturated fatty acids ROS: reactive oxygen species SEM: standard error of mean SOD: superoxide dismutase SPSS: statistical Package for Social Scientists STZ: streptozotocin T1DM: type 1 diabetes mellitus TAC: total antioxidant capacity TBARS: thiobarbituric acid reactive substances TOS: total oxidative status XO: xanthine oxidase