Fetal pulmonary hemodynamics: Doppler reference values in low risk pregnancies.
The journal of maternal-fetal & neonatal medicine : the official journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians（2022）
摘要
This study reports a complete description of the fetal pulmonary hemodynamics at different gestational ages. Many hemodynamic parameters show a typical change during gestation. The reference ranges described in this study may help in situations where is indicated to evaluate the pulmonary hemodynamics and to identify healthy fetuses from those affected by pathological conditions related mainly to fetal cardiovascular anomalies and/or feto-maternal pathologic conditions.
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关键词
Fetal echocardiography,ductus arteriosus,fetal Doppler,pulmonary artery,pulmonary hemodynamics,pulmonary veins
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