Energy Efficient Design Through Design and Technology Co-Optimization Near the Finish Line of CMOS Scaling

Moore’s Law (Fig.1) has worked like a self-fulfilled prophecy for over 50 years since Gordon Moore’s 1965 prediction of integrated circuits. It sets the pace of the semiconductor industry, including lithography tools, device and material technologies, simulation software, testing equipment, and etc., along an exponential growth line, i.e., transistor density to double every $\sim 18$ months. The w...