Deep Learning Substitutes Gadolinium in Detecting Functional and Structural Brain Lesions with MRI

†These authors contributed equally and are joint first authors. 1Department of Electrical Engineering and the Taub Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA 2Department of Biological Sciences and the Taub Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA 3Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA 4Department of Radiation Oncology and the Irving Medical Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA 5Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, and the Irving Medical Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA 6Department of Radiation Oncology, the Irving Medical Center and the Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA 7Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, and the New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA 8Department of Neurology and the Taub Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA 9Department of Neurology, the Taub Institute, the Sergievsky Center, Radiology and Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA 10Department of Psychiatry, Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA Email: jg3400@columbia.edu 11Data used in preparation of this article were partially obtained from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) database (adni.loni.usc.edu). As such, the investigators within the ADNI contributed to the design and implementation of ADNI and/or provided data but did not participate in analysis or writing of this report. A complete listing of ADNI investigators can be found at: http://adni.loni.usc.edu/wp-content/uploads/how_to_apply/ADNI_ Acknowledgement_List.pdf