Veterans, Antidepressants, and Suicide: A Systematic Review of Adverse Events

Background: Military veterans represent a disproportionate number of suicides that occur in the U.S. Antidepressants have been associated with increased risk of suicidal thoughts/behaviors and completed suicide. Given the high number of psychotropic medications prescribed to the veteran population, it is salient that any relationship between veteran suicide and antidepressants be explored. Method: A preregistered systematic review was conducted of empirical studies from 1988-2018. Studies were identified through electronic bibliographic databases. Results: A total of 25 studies met eligibility criteria. Studies reviewed only minimally explored adverse effects of antidepressants. Conclusion: Rigorous evidence is urgently needed, but lacking. Further research will need to explore the frequency of adverse effects (e.g. suicidality, aggression, akathisia) among veteran users of antidepressants.