Valent secondary tasks working memory uk , bs 16 1 qy , uk

194 Text (excluding abstract, keywords, references, tables and figure captions): 11, 041 Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to: Phillip L. Morgan, Psychological Sciences Research Group, Department of Health and Social Sciences, University of the West of England Bristol, Frenchay Campus, Coldharbour Lane, Bristol, D ow nl oa de d by [ A us tr al ia n C at ho lic U ni ve rs ity ] at 0 0: 39 0 9 A ug us t 2 01 7 VALENT SECONDARY TASKS WORKING MEMORY UK, BS16 1QY, UK. Contact: Tel: (+44) 1173 283515, Email: phil.morgan@uwe.ac.uk. From September 2017, Phillip L. Morgan will be at the School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Park Place, Cardiff, UK. Email: morganphil@cardiff.ac.uk. Abstract Two experiments examined if exposure to emotionally valent image-based secondary tasks introduced at different points of a free recall working memory (WM) task impair memory performance. Images from the International Affective Picture System (IAPS: Lang, Bradley, & Cuthbert, 2008) varied in the degree of negative or positive valance (mild, moderate, strong) and were positioned at low, moderate, and high WM load points with participants rating them based upon perceived valence. As predicted, and based on previous research and theory, the higher the degree of negative (Experiment 1) and positive (Experiment 2) valence and the higher the WM load when a secondary task was introduced, the greater the impairment to recall. Secondary task images with strong negative valance were more disruptive than negative images with lower valence at moderate and high WM load task points involving encoding and/or rehearsal of primary task words (Experiment 1). This was not the case for secondary tasks involving positive images (Experiment 2), althoughTwo experiments examined if exposure to emotionally valent image-based secondary tasks introduced at different points of a free recall working memory (WM) task impair memory performance. Images from the International Affective Picture System (IAPS: Lang, Bradley, & Cuthbert, 2008) varied in the degree of negative or positive valance (mild, moderate, strong) and were positioned at low, moderate, and high WM load points with participants rating them based upon perceived valence. As predicted, and based on previous research and theory, the higher the degree of negative (Experiment 1) and positive (Experiment 2) valence and the higher the WM load when a secondary task was introduced, the greater the impairment to recall. Secondary task images with strong negative valance were more disruptive than negative images with lower valence at moderate and high WM load task points involving encoding and/or rehearsal of primary task words (Experiment 1). This was not the case for secondary tasks involving positive images (Experiment 2), although participant valence ratings for positive IAPS images classified as moderate and strong were in fact very similar. Implications are discussed in relation to research and theory on task interruption and attentional narrowing and literature concerning the effects of emotive stimuli on cognition.