Mechanisms and triggers of adaptation to hypoxia

It is believed that hypoxia-induced factor (HIF1) is the key mediator of oxygen metabolism. It was first identified as a transcription factor activated in cells and tissues by lowering the partial pressure of oxygen (O2). The HIF1 activator spectrum includes both external factors hypoxia, psycho-emotional stress and in ternal factors and varies from hormones to iron chelators. This review is dedicated to the molecular mechanisms of HIF1 activation, some of its natural activators HIF1, the potential for which is due to the low level of toxicity and the reduced likelihood of undesirable side effects. In turn, this opens up new options to treat diseases associated with local and general ischemia and hypoxia, the possibilities of their prophylactic use for researchers and clinicians in order to reduce the degree of damage in the event of an unforeseen condition of acute injurious to organs and tissues by hypoxia and reperfusion after it.