Effects of Nano-fluids Assisted MQL in Machining Processes: A Review

Nano-fluids are liquid colloidal suspensions of nanoparticles or nanotubes or Nano fibers of metals or nonmetals, metallic oxides or ceramics having Nano scale dimension 1~100nm in a base fluid such as low viscous water and refrigerant or high viscous oils or ethylene glycol or a mixture of various fluids. In recent decades researchers are highly motivated to use Nanofluids as a novel cutting fluids due to its some attractive properties such as high thermal conductivity, better wetting and spreading ability, suitable rheological properties with changing nanoparticles size, shape and mixing contribution. It has already been reported by many researchers that the main challenge of applying Minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) in machining processes is its lower cooling effect which has already been reduced remarkably by using nanoparticles as additives in base oils and this paper is an effort of authors to represent the successful implications of Nano-fluids assisted MQL in different machining processes in terms of cutting temperature, surface roughness, tool wear, cutting forces, power consumption and productivity. It is tried to point out the benefits of Nano-fluids assisted MQL in various machining processes such as turning, milling, drilling and grinding in a systematic organized way. Moreover recent challenges of using Nano-fluids are also pointed out with specific research gaps as a direction of future researchers.