Time to Step Up and Do Our Part to Address Sex Inequalities in Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology

Strong female representation within cardiothoracic anesthesiology is critical to patient care, research, and education. However, the number of women in cardiothoracic anesthesiology fellowship has remained stagnant at fewer than one-third of trainees during the last decade.1 This lack of sex diversity in the cardiothoracic anesthesiology pipeline is problematic and requires in-depth analysis and actionable change.1,2 Concurrently, the adversities encountered by currently practicing female cardiothoracic anesthesiologists have significant implications for the sustainability of sex diversity and also must be identified and addressed.