The Effects of Increasing versus Decreasing Private Goods on Legislative Bargaining: Experimental Evidence

Recent interest in reducing budget deficits raises questions regarding the impact on legislative bargaining of cuts versus increases in government spending. Using an experimental design where the outcomes are theoretically isomorphic results in significant differences in bargaining outcomes: There are longer delays in reaching agreement with cuts than with increases, along with which legislative types get their proposals passed. These results can be attributed to the change in agents’ reference point in going from gains to losses.