Economic Evaluation of Vaccination Programs: A Guide for Selecting Modeling Approaches

▪Cost-effectiveness analyses are used by those responsible for access and reimbursement to determine the efficiency of vaccination programs by comparing the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio with a standard threshold value.▪Fiscal health modeling compares the value of government funding for a vaccination program with the value of funding other government programs based on measures of net present value or internal rate of return on the investment.▪Constrained optimization determines the optimal mix of all available prevention interventions for an infectious disease subject to budget and feasibility constraints.