The Association of Microbiota and Acute Myocardial Infarction

Background: There is an increasing interest about the mechanisms of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). To investigate the influence of the gut microbiota and the metabolic pathway in associated with AMI, we conduct this case-control study. Methods: We explore 44 subjects with/without AMI (AMI: 19 vs control: 25) and feces are collected from each subject. The fecal microbial genomic DNA is extracted and the variable region, V3–V4, of the 16S rRNA gene is sequencing by the platform of Illumina Miseq. The number of observed operational taxonomic units (OTUs) at 97% similarity level is classified. A histogram of linear discriminant analysis (LDA) distribution is also implemented by the LDA effect size analysis (LEfSe) to find bacteria with significant differences in relative abundance between two groups. The abundances of metabolites are analyzed by the KEGG metabolic pathways. Findings: The abundance of bacteria is more enriched in the AMI group both in the observed OTUs and faith phylogenetic diversity (PD) ( p -value= 0.01 and 2). There is also a difference of the seleno-compound distribution between the groups. The seleno-compound is more abundant in the AMI group at the Family, Genus, and Species levels (all LDA scores >2). Interpretation: This is the first study to demonstrate Selenomonadales and seleno-compound to be associated with the occurrence of AMI. Our findings provided an opportunity for the novel therapeutic strategies for prevention and treatment of AMI. Funding Statement: None. Declaration of Interests: All authors disclose no financial and personal relationships with other people or organisations that could inappropriately influence (bias) their work. Ethics Approval Statement: This study is approved by the Institutional Review Board committee on human research of the medical research department, National Taiwan University Hospital Taiwan.