Correlation between extremes birth weight and current metabolic status in overweight pubertal patients / Correlação entre extremos de peso ao nascimento e avaliação metabólica atual em pacientes púberes com excesso de peso

ABSTRACT: Objectives: To correlate birth weight and current metabolic condition in overweight pubertals. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study of 125 pubertal patients (85 females / 40 males) with overweight, categorized into three groups according to birth weight ( 4000g). The following data were evaluated: chronological age, zBMI, Waist circumference (WC)/H, zHeight and lipid profile. Results: Low birth weight was observed in 16 patients (12.8%) and high birth weight in 15 (12.0%). At the time of the evaluation, the mean (SD) of the chronological age was 13.3 years (2.3), Body Mass Index z score (zBMI) + 2.60 (0.6), WC/height 0.59 (0.09), height z score + 0.44 (1.15) and HOMA-IR 4.37 (3.07), Glycemia 85.3 mg/dL(8.4), Insulin Sum 500.4 (306.4), Total Cholesterol 166 mg/dL (37.3), Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) 100.5 mg/dL (28.9), High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) 41.4 mg/dL (8.8), triglycerides (TG) 119.8 (63.3) mg/dL and TG /HDL ratio 3.1 (1.97). There was only difference of the zBMI (p<0.05) between the groups, being the low birth weight group with higher zBMI. The other metabolic parameter compared showed no difference. Conclusions: It was observed a high frequency of low birth weight, insulin resistance and inadequacy of the lipid profile. Birth weight should be considered a risk factor for only overweight, but as of the moment of weight gain, this fact, by itself, already increases the metabolic risk. Key words: Birth weight, Puberty, Obesity, Metabolic syndrome, Risk factors RESUMO Objetivos: Correlacionar peso ao nascer e condicao metabolica atual em puberes com sobrepeso. Metodos: Estudo transversal retrospectivo de 125 pacientes (85 meninas /40 meninos), categorizados em grupos pelo peso ao nascer. Dados avaliados: idade cronologica, zIMC, CA /E, zEstatura e perfil lipi­dico. Resultados: Baixo peso ao nascer em 16 (12,8%) e alto peso em 15 (12,0%). Media (DP) de idade cronologica 13,3 anos (2,3), zIMC + 2,60 (0,6), Circunferencia Abdominal / Estatura 0,59 (0,09), zEstatura + 0,44 (1,15), HOMA-IR 4,37 (3,07), Glicemia 85,3 mg /dL (8,4), Soma de Insulina 500,4 (306,4), Colesterol Total 166 mg/dL (37,3), LDL 100,5 mg/dL (28,9), HDL 41,4 mg /dL (8,8), trigliceri­deos (TG) 119,8 ( DP 63,3) mg/dL e TG/ HDL 3,1 (1,97). Diferenca do zIMC (p <0,05) entre grupos, com maior valor no baixo peso ao nascer. Conclusoes: Alta frequencia de baixo peso ao nascer, resistencia a insulina e inadequacao do perfil lipi­dico. O peso ao nascer deve ser considerado fator de risco para sobrepeso, mas a partir do momento do ganho ponderal, esse fato, por si so, ja aumenta o risco metabolico. Descritores: Peso ao nascer, Puberdade, Obesidade, Si­ndrome metabolica, Fatores de risco