Mobilising mainstream finance for a future clean energy transition: The case of Finland

Abstract Financing the clean energy transition is a growing field of research, yet most research on investments in clean energy has focused on the early stage, and hence on the role of public policy and private equity such as venture capital. We examine how the clean energy sector enters the stage of mainstream financing, using Finland as an empirical case. We combine data from expert interviews and secondary sources, which are analysed using the Technological Innovation Systems framework to identify the enablers and barriers of the TIS functions of the market motor. The findings show the interdependency of the various TISs of the clean energy sector especially in creating a stable market for the developing technologies. Especially the growth of investments in renewable power production is dependent on the growth of investments in electrification and the management of intermittency of power production.