Annona senegalensis Persoon (Annonaceae): A review of its ethnomedicinal uses, biological activities and phytocompounds

Annona senegalensis, also known as wild custard apple and wild soursop is a member of Annonaceae family. It is a fruit tree native to Senegal and found in semi-arid to subhumid regions of Africa, with a long history of traditional use. Numerous ethnomedicinal uses have been attributed to different parts of A. senegalensis, as well as its use as food and food additives. All parts of the plant contain varying amounts of essential oils. Annogalene, annosenegalin, acetogenins, kaurenoic acid and (-)-roemerine are the major bioactive constituents of A. senegalensis. Biological activities of phytoconstituents from various parts of A. senegalensis include anticonvulsant, cytotoxic, antimicrobial, antispasmodic, anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities; others are antioxidant, antivenomous, hypnotic, anthelmintic, antiplasmodial, haemostatic, spermatogenic and insecticidal activities.