The role of residential tree arrangement: A scoping review of energy efficiency in temperate to subtropical climate zones

A significant shift towards consolidating residential neighbourhoods has dramatically influenced the Australian national urban tree canopy benchmark. Recurrent tree planting, in densely settled residential suburbs, is an insufficient, emerging environmental and long-term energy conservation strategy. A global and Australian original research review, spanning the past two decades, reveals a better understanding of the link between trees and the built environment. This review defines potential tree allocation parameters, in urban energy conservation, within residential landscape constraints. This assessment focuses on regions similar to various Australian temperate to sub–tropical climate zones, defined as Mediterranean climate type by Köppen climate classification.