Economic Evaluations of Remote Patient Monitoring for Chronic Disease: A Systematic Review

•Remote patient monitoring (RPM) can be effective in preventing escalation to acute care and has the potential to improve chronic disease management. There has also been a renewed interest in the cost-effectiveness of RPM since the onset of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. The cost and outcome evidence for RPM has been summarized for some disease-specific contexts (eg, heart failure); however, there are no existing summaries of the available health economic evidence of noninvasive RPM for chronic disease management.•This systematic review identified and summarized 34 articles that conducted economic evaluations of noninvasive RPM compared with usual care for chronic disease management. This review demonstrated that RPM can be cost-effective for chronic disease management, although the cost-effectiveness is dependent on capital investment, clinical context, willingness-to-pay thresholds, and the organizational processes involved in RPM implementation and provision.•Overarching health economic evidence of RPM is useful for decision makers that are contemplating RPM investment choices for chronic disease management. Compared with usual care, RPM was highly cost-effective for hypertension, where greater cost savings may be achieved in the long term because of prevention of high-cost health events. For chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and heart failure, cost-effectiveness findings often differed according to disease severity. There was limited evidence for the cost-effectiveness of RPM for diabetes and other chronic diseases.