Inhibition of hematite on acid mine drainage caused by chalcopyrite biodissolution

Even though biodissolution of chalcopyrite is considered to be one of the key contributors in the formation of acid mine drainage (AMD), there are few studies to control AMD by inhibiting chalcopyrite biodissolution. Therefore, a novel method of using hematite to inhibit chalcopyrite biodissolution was proposed and verified. The results indicated that chalcopyrite biodissolution could be significantly inhibited by hematite, which consequently decreased the formation of AMD. In the presence of hematite, the final biodissolution rate of chalcopyrite decreased from 57.9% to 44.4% at 20 day. This in turn suggested that the formation of AMD was effectively suppressed under such condition. According to the biodissolution results, mineral composition and morphology analyses, and electrochemical analysis, it was shown that hematite promoted the formation and accumulation of passivation substances (jarosite and Cu2−xS) on chalcopyrite surface, thus inhibiting the biodissolution of chalcopyrite and limiting the formation of AMD.