Laparoscopic versus open surgery catheter placement in peritoneal dialysis patients: A meta-analysis of outcomes

Introduction: The peritoneal dialysis catheter (PDC) can be placed either through the laparoscopic technique, percutaneous technique, or surgical procedures. The utilization of these PDC placement procedures is based on the successful placement and reduced risk of development of complications. The main objective of this study was to compare the complications associated with the laparoscopic technique to those linked to open surgery during PDC placement. Methods: The literature for this review was obtained from the PubMed and Google Scholar databases. The literature search was limited to studies published in the period between 1998 and 2019. The meta-analysis was done using Stata Version 12. Results: The results showed a significant difference in catheter malfunction rates between the laparoscopic and open surgery groups (relative risk [RR] = 0.58; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.42-0.8, P = 0.031). There was no statistically significant difference in dialysate leakage (RR = 0.77; 95% CI: 0.51-1.17, P = 0.116), peritonitis (RR = 0.8; 95% CI: 0.6-1.06, P = 0.349), and exit-site infection (RR = 0.84; 95% CI: 0.65-1.09, P = 0.834) between two groups. Conclusion: In conclusion, the laparoscopic PDC placement procedure was superior to open surgery with regard to catheter malfunction.