Perioperative experiences and needs of patients who undergo colorectal cancer surgery and their family caregivers: a qualitative study

Purpose Colorectal cancer (CRC) surgeries are major, complex, and often associated with debilitating symptoms or significant deconditioning that may impair patients’ quality of life. Little is known about how patients and family caregivers cope and their unmet needs during this daunting perioperative phase. This study aimed to explore the experiences and needs of CRC patients who undergo surgery and their family caregivers. Methods An exploratory qualitative design was adopted. A total of 27 participants comprising fifteen outpatients who had undergone colorectal cancer surgery and twelve family caregivers were recruited through purposive sampling from a public tertiary hospital in Singapore between December 2019 and November 2020. Individual, audio-recorded, semi-structured interviews were conducted, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using thematic analysis. Results Four themes emerged: initial reactions to the diagnosis, impact of the illness and surgery, personal coping, and external support. The lack of apparent assessments on the psychological well-being of patients was found despite several participants exhibiting early signs of distress. Access to psychological support provided by healthcare professionals or peers was selective, and knowledge deficit was prevalent, especially in the preoperative stage. Conclusion Psychological priming and strengthening are important for CRC patients’ and their caregivers’ adaptive coping throughout the treatment continuum. Technology-based, dyadic psychoeducation should be offered preoperatively to ease CRC patients’ acceptance of their diagnosis and adjustment to life after surgery while at the same time reduce the burden of family carers.