Increasing access to hematopoietic cell transplantation in Latin America: results of the 2018 LABMT activity survey and trends since 2012

A total of 5642 hematopoietic cell transplants (HCT) in 5445 patients (2196—40% allogeneic and 3249—60% autologous) were reported by 127 teams in 14 Latin American countries that answered the 2018 LABMT/WBMT Global Transplant Activity survey. The transplant rate (defined as the number of first transplants per 10 million inhabitants per year) was 85 (51 autologous and 34 allogeneic) in 2018. The main indications for allogeneic HCT were acute leukemias (60%), while plasma cell disorders and lymphomas were the most common conditions warranting autologous HCT (50 and 36%, respectively). In the allogeneic HCT, HLA-identical siblings were the main type of donor (44%) followed by related mismatched/haploidentical donors (32%). Peripheral blood stem cells were used in 98% of the autologous and in 64% of the allogeneic transplants. From 2012 to 2018, there was a 64% increase of reported HCT (54% in autologous and 80% in allogeneic). In the allogeneic setting, the most pronounced increase in donor type was observed in haploidentical relatives (from 94 procedures in 2012 up to 710 in 2018), surpassing unrelated donors as of 2017. Significant trends detected in Latin America include rising numbers of the procedures reported, a faster increase in allogeneic HCT compared with autologous HCT and a significant increase in family mismatched/haploidentical donors. The LABMT/WBMT activity survey provides useful data to understand the HCT activity and trends in Latin America.