Evaluating Sn mineralization potential at the Haobugao skarn Zn–Pb deposit (NE China) using whole-rock and zircon geochemistry

The metal association in a skarn deposit is largely controlled by the magma redox state and fractionation degree. The Haobugao skarn deposit in northeastern China contains significant Zn–Pb sulfides, with subordinate by-products Cu and Fe ores. Recent explorations also found minor cassiterite occurring locally in the deposit, inspiring the speculation of Sn mineralization. To better evaluate the Sn mineralization potential at Haobugao, the geochemical compositions of the ore-related biotite granite porphyry and its magmatic zircons have been investigated to quantify the oxidation state and the degree of magmatic evolution, which provide constraints on the capability of the Haobugao intrusion to produce economic Sn mineralization.