Spectrum of Β-Thalassemia Mutations in Some Areas of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region of Southern China: A Study on a Pediatric Population Aged 0–15 Years

beta-Thalassemia (beta-thal), one of the most common form of single-gene inheritable blood diseases in the world, is highly prevalent in southern China, especially in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. To update the beta-thal mutation spectrum in this region, we performed hematological and genetic analyses on 888 beta-that major (beta-TM), beta-thal intermedia (beta-TI) and beta-thal carrier patients, aged 0-15years old, from different parts of Guangxi Province. We identified 55 genotypes and 18 beta-thal mutations. The codons 41/42 (-TTCT) (HBB: c.126_129delCTTT) (43.97%), codon 17 (A>T) (HBB: c.52A>T) (25.43%), -28(A>G) (HBB: c.-78A>G) (8.18%), IVS-II-654 (C>T) (HBB: c.316-197C>T) (7.85%) and codon 26 (G>A) (HBB: c.79G>A) (5.02%) were the five most common, accounting for more than 90.0%. The results of our study are providing an up-to-date beta-thal mutation spectrum in the 0-15-year-old pediatric population, which will help genetic counseling and prevention of beta-TM in mainland China's most endemic region, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.