Prevalence of Post-Operative Acute Kidney Injury and Associated Risk Factors at A Tertiary Trauma Center in Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania

Background: Acute kidney injury is one of the complications that can occur in every anaesthetized/operated patient but the magnitude of individual risk will also depend on other contributory factors for each particular patient. Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) may have a spectrum of outcome which include complete recovery, development of chronic kidney disease or if severe may result into death. AKI also contributes to a long hospital stay, total hospital cost, morbidity and mortality. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of post-operative acute kidney injury and associated risk factors at Muhimbili Orthopedic Institute (MOI). Materials and Methods : This was a hospital based quantitative cross-sectional study which was carried out among operated patients at Muhimbili Orthopaedic Institute (MOI). Laboratory blood results for serum creatinine before surgery (baseline serum creatinine), 48 hours, 7th day and 28th day post operatively was used for this purpose. Data was processed using IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPPS) v23.0 software. Frequency and percentages was used to summarize the demographic, perioperative risks and serum creatinine levels. Bivariate and Multivariate analysis was done to examine the association between risk factors and outcome of interest (AKI). Results: Study involved 156 participants who underwent surgical intervention at MOI from October 2019 to March 2020. Among the participants males were 102 (65.4%) and females were 54 (34.6%). Mean age of participants was 48.26 years with standard deviation of 16.75. Study managed to find a prevalence of 12.8% (20/156) of post-operative acute kidney injury among the participants. Most observed risk factors were old age (above 6o0 years) with prevalence of 16.7% within age group, emergence procedures with prevalence of 18.9%. Other risk factors includes ASA status and pre-existing medical conditions having a prevalence of 18.8% and 20.7% respectively. Prolonged operations had a prevalence of 23.1% with a p-value of 0.001 and intraoperative use of ephedrine had a post-operative kidney injury prevalence of 50% with a p-value of <0.0001. Recovery was observed in 60% of those found to have post-operative acute kidney injury with 30% complete recovery and 30% partial recovery. Conclusion: Good documentation of perioperative events can also help determine those in danger of developing post-operative AKI and thus help to provide preventive measures for those at high risk. Citation: Lugazia E, Kaniki IR, Mbanga F, Boniface R, Furia F (2022) Prevalence of Post-Operative Acute Kidney Injury and Associated Risk Factors at A Tertiary Trauma Center in Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. J Surg 7: 1481 DOI: 10.29011/2575-9760.001481 2 Volume 07; Issue 04 J Surg, an open access journal ISSN: 2575-9760