Attentional function and inhibitory control in different substance use disorders

•We administered the attentional network task to controls and to persons with cocaine use disorder (CoUD), cannabis use disorder (CaUD), opioid use disorder (OUD).•After controlling for group differences in sex representation and age, both OUD and CaUD participants showed blunted alerting effects compared to controls.•After controlling for sex representation and age, both CaUD and CoUD participants showed greater conflict effects of target-incongruent stimuli than controls.•No substance use disorder (SUD) group showed prolonged stop-signal reaction time compared to controls.•These data indicate differences in components of attentional function between persons with SUD as a function of the substance of choice.