The Biological and Mechanical Effect of Using Different Irrigation Methods on the Bond Strength of Bioceramic Sealer to Root Dentin Walls

Objectives This study aimed to evaluate the biological and mechanical effect of different irrigation methods on the bond strength of Bioceramic (BC) sealer to root canal dentin walls. Material and Methods Forty-Five single-rooted teeth were decoronated and then prepared using rotary instrumentation. Teeth were randomly divided into three groups. Group 1: using the conventional syringe method; Group 2: using the ultrasonic (US) activation method; and Group 3: using the Nd:YAG laser activation method. The BC sealer (TotalFill (R) BC Sealer (TM), FKG Dentaire, Switzerland) was used for obturation according to the manufacturer's recommendation. The bond strength was evaluated using the push-out test, and the adaptation of the sealer/dentin interface was assessed using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Data were analyzed by Welch's ANOVA analysis of variance and Games-Howell for pairwise comparison. The level of statistical significance was set at 95% (p-value <= 0.05). Results The push-out bond strength values of the Nd:YAG (6.46 +/- 0.5) laser group were statistically significant than both conventional (3.33 +/- 1.8) and US groups (4.21 +/- 2.2). The mean gaps that were formed between the root walls and GP/BS sealer interface were statistically significant only between the Nd:YAG laser group (25.54 +/- 13.8) compared to both conventional (62.00 +/- 15.3) and US groups (58.82 +/- 23.8) (p <= 0.05). No significant difference was found between the conventional and US groups in both rested parameters (p >0.05). Conclusion The method protocol of RC system irrigation affects the adhesion and bond strength of BS sealers to the root canal dentin walls.