Precise Dynamical Masses of epsilon Indi Ba and Bb: Evidence of Slowed Cooling at the L/T Transition

We report individual dynamical masses of 66.92 +/- 0.36 M-Jup and 53.25 +/- 0.29 M-Jup for the binary brown dwarfs epsilon Indi Ba and Bb, measured from long-term (approximate to 10 yr) relative orbit monitoring and absolute astrometry monitoring data on the Very Large Telescope (VLT). Relative astrometry with NACO fully constrains the Keplerian orbit of the binary pair, while absolute astrometry with FORS2 measures the system's parallax and mass ratio. We find a parallax consistent with the Hipparcos and Gaia values for epsilon Indi A, and a mass ratio for epsilon Indi Ba to Bb precise to better than 0.2%. epsilon Indi Ba and Bb have spectral types T1-1.5 and T6, respectively. With an age of 3.51(-1.0)(+0.8) Gyr from epsilon Indi A's activity, these brown dwarfs provide some of the most precise benchmarks for substellar cooling models. Assuming coevality, the very different luminosities of the two brown dwarfs and our moderate mass ratio imply a steep mass-luminosity relationship (L proportional to M-5.37 +/- 0.08) that can be explained by a slowed cooling rate in the L/T transition, as previously observed for other L/T binaries. Finally, we present a periodogram analysis of the near-infrared photometric data, but find no definitive evidence of periodic signals with a coherent phase.