Integrated genetic and chemical modification with rice straw for maximum bioethanol production

•Relatively mild pretreatments were effective for transgenic rice straw process.•Near-complete enzymatic saccharification was achieved from optimal pretreatments.•Much directly-fermentable sugars accumulation enabled for high bioethanol production.•Altered cellulose polymerization and accessibility occurs in desirable straw residues.•Genetic-improved lignocellulose and optimal one-pot technology for bioenergy crops.