Spatiotemporal Analysis of Land Use Land Cover and Future Simulation for Agricultural Sustainability in a Sub-Tropical Region of India

Spatial distribution of rice cultivated area and its future projections are indispensable for providing food security, irrigation water management, greenhouse gas emission, ecosystem, and environmental protection. Accurate simulation of future rice cultivation is challenging in the context of climate change involving spatial modeling. This study introduced a hydrological data-based prediction approach integrating cellular automata-Markov chain model with multi-criteria decision analysis. Three decadal transitions of different land use land cover (LULC) in an agricultural intensified canal irrigated area were analyzed using Random Forest algorithm. The Landsat satellite imageries were classified with an overall accuracy of more than 90