A Coloration Biochip for Optical Virus Detection Based on Printed Single Nanoparticle Array

Direct and ultrasensitive detection of nanoscale objects is of great importance for materials science and biomedical application. Here, a printed single nanoparticle array-based coloration biochip is developed for direct visualizing nanoscale objects with the microscopy image. Arising from the scattering cross section induced Mie scattering enhancement, the color change of nanoparticles with/without viruses can be observed with a conventional optical microscope. The scattering light from single nanoparticle has the size-dependent characteristics of wavelength and intensity variation, allowing for optically detecting nanoscale virus. By comparing optical images before and after attaching viruses, quantitative detection can be achieved with the virus concentrations from 1.0 x 10(2) to 1.0 x 10(6) PFU mL(-1) and a detection limit of 1.0 x 10(2) PFU mL(-1). The antibody-modified array can specifically recognize influenza viruses in 15 min. The result provides a promising approach to detect diverse biological samples, including protein, exosomes, and platelet microparticle.