Bioaccessibility of carotenoids (β-carotene and lutein) from intact and disrupted microalgae (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii)

Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (C. reinhardtii) has a potential as a novel source for food/feed because it contains several constituents including bioactive compounds. However, its multilayer cell wall (hydroxyproline-rich glycoprotein [HRPGs]) may restrict the bioaccessibility of its nutrients. Therefore, using disruption techniques such as hydrodynamic cavitation (HDC) can be useful for assessing single cell compounds. This work aims to evaluate the impact of HDC on the bioaccessibility of carotenoids (β-carotene and lutein) from C. reinhardtii. Our results illustrated that digestive enzymes cannot fully break down the cell walls beside HDC process generates their significant change. The intact C. reinhardtii (ICR) and disrupted C. reinhardtii (DCR) have a comparable lutein bioaccessibility, in contrast, DCR decreased the biocessibility of β-carotene. HDC decreased the biocessibility of β-carotene in the small intestine although 37% of total carotenoids from DRC were absorbed.