A Quasi-Experimental Study Compared the Learning Experiences of Inexperienced Trainees Using Laparoscopic Surgery with 2-Dimensional and 3-Dimensional Imaging Systems

Objective: This study aimed to compare surgical residency training learning curves using 2-dimensional (2D) and 3-dimensional (3D) laparoscopic views. Materials and Methods: Twenty surgical residents were divided into two groups according to their laparoscopic view: 2D and 3D. The seven tasks (peg transfer, pattern cutting, threading, rubber banding, ball transfer, specimen retrieval, and suturing) of the essential laparoscopic training box were performed. The time taken to complete each task was recorded and analyzed. After performing all the tasks, the participants were asked to complete a questionnaire of their experience with the equipment. Results: The time taken for the 3D group was significantly faster than that of the 2D group for peg transferring (3.44 vs 2.69, p < 0.0001), threading (3.02 vs 2.63, p = 0.0027), ball transferring (4.45 vs 3.40, p = 0.0001), specimen retrieval (3.78 vs 2.99, p < 0.0001), and suturing (13.62 vs 11.13, p < 0.0001). The 3D group was also faster in pattern cutting (2.81 vs 2.63, p = 0.17) and rubber banding (2.8 vs 2.78, p = 0.83), but the difference was not significant After the training, 60% of the participants in the 3D group reported eye strain on the questionnaire. Conclusion: The 3D laparoscopic view improves surgical performance and learning for surgical residents over that of the 2D laparoscopic view.