Thymic microbiota-specific T cells role in intestinal inflammation
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY(2021)
摘要
Abstract Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients, including Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, exhibit dysregulated immune responses. Although IBD etiology remains uncertain, microbiota-reactive T cells are thought to play a role in pathogenesis. It has been shown that gut microbiota and their metabolites play a role in modulating mucosal immune responses and thus, have the potential to influence the development of IBD. Although host-microbe interactions are required to balance effector and regulatory T cells responses, it remains unknown how microbiota-specific T cells are generated. Here we studied how microbiota-specific T cells develop and how they can drive intestinal inflammation. Colonization of mice at weaning induced the expansion of naive microbiota-specific T cells in the thymus before peripheral distribution. Transfer of naive thymic microbiota-specific T cells into immunodeficient mice induced intestinal inflammation by differentiating into Th1 or Th17 cells. We identified that CX3CR1+ dendritic cells (CX3+DCs) were required for this process, as depleting these cells decreased the expansion of thymic microbiota-specific T cells. Transfer of thymic T cells from mice lacking CX3+ DCs induced less colitis in immunodeficient mice compared to wildtype donors. Moreover, inhibiting CX3+ DCs antigen-presentation suppressed induction of microbiota-specific T cells and transfer of these cells promoted less intestinal inflammation. Together, our data suggests CX3+ DCs drive T cell selection of microbiota-specific T cells in the thymus, which can differentiate into intestinal effector T cells mediating pathology in immunodeficient hosts.
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关键词
inflammation,cells,microbiota-specific
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