Phytochemical Characterisation, Antioxidant Capacity, and in Vitro Toxicity of Richardia Brasiliensis Gomes Crude Extracts

Richardia brasiliensis is a species used in folk medicine and rich in active compounds. In this study, the extracts were submitted to UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS analysis and total polyphenols, tannins, and flavonoids assays. Besides, it was determined its antioxidant capacity, oxidative stress markers and toxicological profile. Fourteen polyphenols were found and, in the dosages, a slight change in the concentrations in each extract was observed. Regarding the antioxidant capacity, the responses were different in the methods used. There was an increase in lipid peroxidation, and NO, however total ROS remained unchanged. The cells remained more than 90% viable and the extracts did not cause damage to single strands of DNA, with the exception of the crude autumn and spring extracts at 500 µg/mL. The results found in this study suggest that extracts are potentially toxic to human leukocyte cells in high concentrations; however, more studies should be performed in different cell lines.