Nanoneedle devices for biomedicine

Silicon nanoneedles (Si NNs) are a well-established technology to investigate and interact with cell cultures and tissues. Thanks to their size and intrinsic properties, Si NNs can negotiate the cell membrane and access the intracellular environment for multiple purposes. In this book chapter, we review the progress that NN-mediated strategies achieved in drug delivery, sensing, and electrical recording. We also discuss the new insights on how cells and tissue interact with NNs.