Resistant starch: biosynthesis, regulatory pathways, and engineering via CRISPR system

In major crops such as wheat, seed growth is important for higher yield. Starch contributes about 50%–80% of seed dry weight, and requisite for processing and nutrition quality. This makes it necessary to scrutinize the key genes involved in starch biosynthesis and their application in functional genomics. It is of great interest to analyze and explore genes involved in starch metabolism for starch-amylose traits improvement. The overconsumption of wheat starch contributes to several health-related problems. It makes it necessary to develop high amylose or resistant starch wheat. Amylose biosynthesis is mainly regulated by GBSSI, SBEIIa, and SBEIIb, which are under the control of the basic leucine zipper transcription factor, although the regulatory mechanism is yet too explored. The advanced genome-editing tools like CRISPR/Cas9 will help to understand the starch regulatory pathway. Ultimately, it will help to achieve the high amylose or amylopectin containing a wheat variety