Ionic liquids as a green solvents for drugs or as an active pharmaceutical ingredient

Ionic liquids (ILs) consist of ionic species, having various advantages over conventional ionic liquids because of a wide temperature range, low melting point, nonflammable, nonvolatile, and low viscosity. In this chapter, the use of ILs as an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) and their uses as solvents in the synthesis of APIs are discussed. ILs have been used as a solvent in the synthesis of antiviral drugs, hybrid compounds, and antitumor and anti-inflammatory drugs. Furthermore, more ILs have been used as active compounds; cetylpyridinium chloride as an antibacterial agent, bretylium as an antifibrous and antiarrhythmic drug, and phenazone generate as a pain reliever are a few drugs that use ILs as API-ILs.