Characteristics of soil pollution and element migration associated with the use of coal in Hutou Village, Yunnan Province, China

•There was severe Cd and Cr pollution in the soil of Hutou Village.•The primary source of soil pollution was the use of coal.•Mineralogical and geochemical characteristics revealed the migration direction of the pollution.•The contents of REY and Eu in the soil were significantly higher than those in road dust.•The fractionation of LREY and HREY in the soil was more substantial than that in the road dust.