Developing a Diagnostic Multivariable Prediction Model for Urinary Tract Cancer in Patients Referred with Haematuria: Results from the IDENTIFY Collaborative Study

Patients with haematuria are at an increased risk of urinary tract cancer if they are older, are male, are smokers, have visible haematuria, and have a family history. Reduced risks include previous haematuria investigations, urinary tract infections, dysuria/suprapubic pain, catheter use, previous pelvic radiotherapy, and anticoagulation.