Dynamics of Non-Structural Carbohydrates Reserves in Leaves of Two Perennial Woody Species, Hakea Sericea and Pinus Pinaster

Non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) are key components of plant tissue, being involved in several metabolic and physiological processes, greatly affecting the growth and adaptation of plants. In this study, we compare the seasonal dynamics of leaf NSC, including total soluble sugars (SS) and starch (St), in Pinus pinaster, a tree native to the Western Mediterranean basin, and the invasive Hakea sericea, particularly problematic in areas with Mediterranean-type climate. With no exception, SS, St, and NSC contents changed throughout the growing season in both species, but with distinct patterns. The observed differences in NSC accumulation seemed to be related to the phenological cycle of both species but also suggest the superior performance of old Hakea sericea over Pinus pinaster, even under unfavorable environmental conditions, which may explain its invasion success in the Mediterranean region.