Approximate time-energy uncertainty relationship from the fixed energy sum over paths approach

Canadian Journal of Physics(2022)

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摘要
In this article we show how an approximate time-energy uncertainty relationship of the form ΔE Δt ≃ ℏ can be derived in the context of the fixed energy sum over paths approach to quantum bound systems. The relationship connects the indeterminacy Δt on the travel time of the quantum object, to the width ΔE of the resonance in the approximate Green function corresponding to an allowed valued of energy. The mathematical origin of the relationship is to be tracked to the Fourier transform relationship between the time propagator and energy-dependent Green function; however the core of the derivation does not use advanced mathematics, may be carried out using mostly graphical and geometrical methods, and may provide insight to students on the meaning and origin of the time-energy uncertainty relationship. Our work may contribute to close a gap by which the time-energy relationship is most often taught with insufficient explanation at elementary level.
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关键词
time-energy uncertainty, quantum physics education, sum over paths, path integral, lifetime-linewidth relation-ship
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