Review on Chloride Ingress in Concrete: Chloride Diffusion and Predicting Corrosion Initiation Time

Corrosion is a common cause of degradation of reinforced concrete (RC) structures. Even though various reasons cause the phenomenon, chloride-induced corrosion in concrete is an important issue in current research. The maintenance of corroded RC increases the cost of facilities; durability assessment is helpful for economic savings and the performance of structures. Therefore, this paper reviews the chloride diffusion process and the time it takes for corrosion to start in RC structures. In this paper, Fick's second law is considered for the transport mechanism of chlorides into concrete structures. Different models for predicting corrosion initiation time by previous scholars are critically reviewed.