Ethylene-nitrogen synergism induces tolerance to copper stress by modulating antioxidant system and nitrogen metabolism and improves photosynthetic capacity in mustard
Environmental Science and Pollution Research(2022)
摘要
This study aimed to test the efficiency of ethylene (Eth; 200 µL L −1 ethephon) in presence or absence of nitrogen (N; 80 mg N kg −1 soil) in protecting photosynthetic apparatus from copper (Cu; 100 mg Cu kg −1 soil) stress in mustard ( Brassica juncea L.) and to elucidate the physio-biochemical modulation for Eth plus N-induced Cu tolerance. Elevated Cu-accrued reductions in photosynthesis and growth were accompanied by significantly higher Cu accumulation in leaves and oxidative stress with reduced assimilation of N and sulfur (S). Ethylene in coordination with N considerably reduced Cu accumulation, lowered lipid peroxidation, lignin accumulation, and contents of reactive oxygen species (hydrogen peroxide, H 2 O 2 , and superoxide anion, O 2 •− ), and mitigated the negative effect of Cu on N and S assimilation, accumulation of non-protein thiols and phytochelatins, enzymatic, and non-enzymatic antioxidants (activity of ascorbate peroxidase, APX, and glutathione reductase, GR; content of reduced glutathione, GSH, and ascorbate, AsA), cell viability, photosynthesis, and growth. Overall, the effect of ethylene-nitrogen synergism was evident on prominently mitigating Cu stress and protecting photosynthesis. The approach of supplementing ethylene with N may be used as a potential tool to restrain Cu stress, and protect photosynthesis and growth of mustard plants.
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关键词
Brassica juncea L.
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