Application of response surface methodology (RSM) for optimization of the supercritical CO2 extract of oil from Zanthoxylum bungeanum pericarp: Yield, composition and gastric protective effect

•Supercritical carbon-dioxide (SC-CO2) extract is an effective technology for flavor components of Z. bungeanum pericarp.•About 11.07 % oil yield can be obtained under the optimized parameters of 30 MPa, 43 °C, and 75 min.•Limonene, linalool, hydroxy-α-sanshool and hydroxy-β-sanshool are the major flavor components of SZB.•SZB supplementation could be employed as a gastric protective agent/additive for human health.•Nineteen potential biomarkers were identified as the potential biomarkers contributed to the gastric protective effect of SZB.