Pathologic Kyphosis In The Pediatric Spine

This manuscript reviews the different causes that lead to increased thoracic kyphosis, specifically in children and adolescents. The causes of increased thoracic kyphosis that will be discussed in this article are: postural, idiopathic, neuromuscular, congenital, and Scheuermann's disease. This paper focuses on the factors that produce its appearance, characteristics of its evolution, and treatment.