Pharmacokinetic Evaluation of a Single 5-Gram Bolus of Creatine Monohydrate Versus Two Other Creatine-Containing Investigational Products

The purpose of this study was to determine the relative pharmacokinetics of creatine monohydrate delivered as a formula or as a pure powder (all mixed in solution). A single 5 g bolus of creatine monohydrate was ingested as CreaBev 1, CreaBev 2, or creatine monohydrate. Participants we assigned a test product and monitored in a supervised laboratory setting for ingestion and all blood draws starting 30 min post ingestion to the 6-h mark. Standard pharmacokinetic analysis was undertaken to determine relative maximum concentration (Cmax), time to maximum concentration (Tmax), and area under the curve (AUC) for the products. Cmax data indicate that CreaBev 1 10.55 +/- 4.10, CreaBev 2 15.45 +/- 5.48, and creatine monohydrate 12.77 +/- 4.0 nmol/h/mu L. The Tmax analysis demonstrated CreaBev 1 1.20 +/- 1.01, CreaBev 2 1.23 +/- 0.65, and creatine monohydrate 0.91 +/- 0.2 h. The AUC data indicate that CreaBev 1 22.90 +/- 9.17, CreaBev 2 33.92 +/- 9.52, and creatine monohydrate 29.58 +/- 11.93 nmol/h/mu L. When examining the data for pharmacokinetics, the AUC and Cmax pharmacokinetics were greatest for CreaBev 2 (p<0.021 and 0.020). Within the confines of this study, CreaBev 2 produced the highest blood concentrations of creatine as compared to creatine monohydrate and CreaBev 1.