Prediction of temperature profiles in helical plasmas by integrated code coupled with gyrokinetic transport models

Transport simulation is performed by integrated code using reduced transport models (Toda S et al 2019 Phys. Plasmas 26 012510) in a kinetic electron condition for turbulent heat transport including the effect of zonal flows in helical plasmas. A reduced model can be formulated for the heat diffusivity using only the linear properties, or can be constructed by considering the expression of the quasilinear flux. These reduced models reproduce nonlinear gyrokinetic simulation results for ion temperature gradient mode turbulence by a linear growth rate and zonal flow decay time. Temperature profiles can be obtained when the turbulent heat transport is evaluated by reduced models at each time step in the evolution of integrated simulation. Computational cost using the reduced models where linear gyrokinetic simulation is performed at each time step in the integrated simulation is about two orders of magnitude lower than that using nonlinear gyrokinetic simulation. Stationary temperature profiles are predicted by simulation, in which, the linear simulation is performed at each time step in the integrated simulation for steady heating power. The density profile and the edge temperature are needed in this simulation.