On the Performance of Massive MIMO Full-Duplex Relaying With Low-Resolution ADCs

This letter investigates the spectral/energy efficiency (SE/EE) of a full-duplex massive multiple-input multiple-output amplify-and-forward relaying system. The relay and destination receive antennas are connected to low-resolution analog-to-digital converters to reduce energy consumption and cost. Assuming imperfect channel state information, we first derive approximate closed-form expressions for the SE with zero-forcing processing. Next, with a realistic power consumption model, the EE is analyzed as a function of the number of relay antennas and quantization bits. The proposed closed-form solutions show the SE and EE trade-off for various system configurations.