Semi-Analytical Surface Tension Model for Free Surface Flows

In this paper, a semi-analytical surface tension model is proposed for smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH). Different from previous approaches, cohesive and adhesive forces in our model are unified within a surface energy framework for nonuniform systems. To calculate the adhesive force, we use a semi-analytical solution to convert the volume integral into a surface integral, triangular meshes which represent solid boundaries can be directly introduced into liquid-solid interactions. A gradient descent algorithm is employed to optimize the objective function, which represents the total energy of the fluid. Experiments show that our model can efficiently handle complex solid boundaries with surface-tension-driven phenomena.