Temperature-pressure correlations of cryoprotective additives for the design of constant volume cryopreservation protocols

In the recent years, the use of constant volume (isochoric) cryopreservation, in medicine and biotechnology has captured more attention from the research community and now there is an increasing interest in the use of this new technology. It has been established that the thermodynamics of isochoric freezing is different from that of isobaric (constant pressure) freezing. This study provides researchers in the field experimental results for various compositions of cryoprotectants commonly used in isobaric cryopreservation, in terms of temperature-pressure-molar concentration correlation. It also reveals experimental isochoric thermodynamic data for the following cryoprotectants, commonly used in isobaric cryopreservation: dimethyl sulfoxide, trehalose, ethylene glycol and diethylene glycol. Currently, the data on the pressure-temperature correlation in an isochoric system of cryoprotectants used in isobaric cryopreservation is not available. Our new experimental results indicate that the studied concentrations for each of the CPAs, lower and expands the range of temperatures in which cryopreservation by isochoric freezing can be safely practiced. We consider that these experiments will aid researchers developing new isochoric cryopreservation protocols.